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窮困抗辯權

贈與人於贈與約定後,其經濟狀況顯有變更,如因贈與致其生計有重大之影響,或妨礙其扶養義務之履行者,得拒絕贈與之履行。(民法第418條)

一般贈與,贈與物未交付前,贈與人得撒銷其贈與(民法第408條第1項),故無適用此項抗辯權之實益;惟在「立有字據之贈與」及「為履行道德義務」,(民法第408條第2項)此項抗辯權始能發揮其作用。蓋斯二者,雖未履行,亦不得撒銷,唯有藉重此項抗辯權以拒絕履行也。

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